In Narrative Therapy externalization, how is the client encouraged to phrase the problem?

In Narrative Therapy externalization, how is the client encouraged to phrase the problem?

• A. Reframe the problem as something the client lives with rather than an inherent part of self.
• B. Blame others for the problem.
• C. Suppress emotions to cope.
• D. Rely on medication to reduce symptoms.

Answer: (A)

In Narrative Therapy, externalization involves naming the problem as something separate from the person, so the client can view themselves as living with the problem rather than being inherently defined by it. The client is encouraged to phrase it as an external force that has influence over them, not as a fixed part of who they are. This shift in language reduces self-blame, preserves the person’s sense of agency, and creates space to analyze the problem’s effects, track exceptions, and develop ways to resist or lessen its grip. It also supports collaboration with the therapist in crafting alternative, more empowering stories. The other options don’t fit because externalization isn’t about blaming others, suppressing emotions, or relying on medication; those approaches don’t center the client’s relationship to the problem in the same way.